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The unemployment rate among Saudis fell to 8.3% in the second quarter of 2023, compared to 8.5% in the first quarter of 2023, according to the General Authority for Statistics’ (GASTAT) labor force survey.
The employment-to-population ratio of Saudis declined to 47.4% on a quarterly basis in Q2 2023.
The participation rate of Saudi women retreated to 35.3% in the three-month period.
Meanwhile, the overall unemployment rate among population in working age reached 4.9% in Q2 2023, compared to 5.1% in Q1 2023.
The following table illustrates the changes in unemployment in Saudi Arabia:
| Unemployment Rate in Saudi Arabia | ||
| Period | Unemployment rate | Unemployment rate among Saudis | 
| Q1 2017 | 5.8 % | 12.7 % | 
| Q2 2017 | 6.0 % | 12.8 % | 
| Q3 2017 | 5.8 % | 12.8 % | 
| Q4 2017 | 6.0 % | 12.8 % | 
| Q1 2018 | 6.1 % | 12.9 % | 
| Q2 2018 | 6.0 % | 12.9% | 
| Q3 2018 | 6.0 % | 12.8% | 
| Q4 2018 | 6.0 % | 12.7% | 
| Q1 2019 | 5.7 % | 12.5% | 
| Q2 2019 | 5.6 % | 12.3 % | 
| Q3 2019 | 5.5 % | 12.0 % | 
| Q4 2019 | 5.7 % | 12.0 % | 
| Q1 2020 | 5.7 % | 11.8 % | 
| Q2 2020 | 9.0 % | 15.4 % | 
| Q3 2020 | 8.5 % | 14.9 % | 
| Q4 2020 | 7.4 % | 12.6 % | 
| Q1 2021 | 6.5 % | 11.7 % | 
| Q2 2021 | 6.6 % | 11.3 % | 
| Q3 2021 | 6.6 % | 11.3 % | 
| Q4 2021 | 6.9 % | 11.0 % | 
| Q1 2022 | 6.0 % | 10.1 % | 
| Q2 2022 | 5.8 % | 9.7 % | 
| Q3 2022 | 5.8 % | 9.9 % | 
| Q4 2022 | 4.8 % | 8.0 % | 
| Q1 2023 | 5.1 % | 8.5 % | 
| Q2 2023 | 4.9 % | 8.3 % | 

Saudis accounted for 52.1% and 47.3% of the labor force in the public and private sectors, respectively. On the other hand, non-Saudis employed in the private sector made up 70.1%.
| Employees by Nationality and Sector in Saudi Arabia | |||
| Sector | Saudis | Non-Saudis | Total | 
| Public Sector | 52.1 % | 3.7 % | 27.2 % | 
| Private Sector | 47.3 % | 70.1 % | 59.0 % | 
| Other Sectors | 0.4 % | 26.1 % | 13.6 % | 
| Unspecified | 0.3 % | 0.1 % | 0.2 % | 
| Total | 100 % | 100 % | 100 % | 
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